A abuse He threw the Ryder Cup in European golf players, identified sighs and soften on both sides of the Atlantic. The crowd in Bethpage Black Course in New York graduated from Boos and Heckles to homophobic insults and insults aimed at players' wives. The first master of ceremonies highlighted the tone, the host of the singing “Fuck You, Rory!”, Firmly putting Rory Makilra on the crosshair-sophistication with his wife, who was shot down by the beer cup.
After initially it was removed, American officials for golf I apologized And he said that some behavior of fans “crossed the line”, but the case left a aching feeling of anxiety. What if the line is actually postponed? What if the accepted codes of the behavior of the crowd have changed?
This is a question that sociologists and managers of events have asked in recent years and cover several countries and types of spectacles, eliminating any meaning that the problem is limited by the United States, golf fans.
Mocking banners, waving football terraces, a quarrel for chewing gum at tennis players, objects were thrown into concert stages, heeks during concerts-evidently, endless linings of Bluor, secular behavior fills the news channels.
“It is undeniable that in all aspects of public life an increasing number of people become more and more warlike,” said Kirei SedzmanA scientist from the University of Bristol.
“The point is not only that people are becoming more and more bad, but that when they cause, instead of boiling, they turn much more often against those who fry the complaint.”
Last week, the Union of Broadcasting, Entertainment, Communications and Theater (Bectu) Published a survey This showed that 34% of those who worked at live events in the UK have experienced antisocial behavior, violence, aggression or persecution by the audience over the past 12 months, and this figure increased to 77% for employees to the house.
Some theorists in the psychology of the crowd attribute the aggression of “deend -individual”, as a result of which a sense of anonymity and sensory overload distracts people from their sense of individual identity, and they do what they usually would not do.
Other theorists determine the “convergence” in which the crowd of the dynamics repel internal beliefs and values of people.
In any case, the results can be ugly. “Fag!” Some fans of the United States shouted at Macialroch. “Wanker!” He screamed others. Many commentators associated such inventory with toxic feed on social networks and the climate of political polarization, which involves a modern phenomenon.
But there is nothing new in sports fans or theater audience. In ancient Athens, Plato complained that the audience would become crowds, perhaps he would make him the first theoretician of the behavior of the crowd.
Any collection of people, in fact, can cause a disorder. Thomas Hardy took the title of his novel far from the crazy crowd from the poem by Thomas Gray 1751, Elegy written in the village church courtThis opposed the “negative discord” of those who destroy the “sacred calm.”
According to Sedzman, today's anxiety about the shell of the behavior of the crowd can be exaggerated to some extent “moral panic”. “In every society there is a golden age thinking, looking back at a time when everyone was kind and polite.”
Some Scottish boxing fans are still wriggling from the memories that the crowd, be Muhammad Ali during the Page exhibition in 1965. “All violent should stop when the king is in the ring,” he is in vain.
Eric Canton took more direct actions in 1995, when the Crystal Palace fan shouted “dumps back to France, French bastard”, jumping over the barrier to the barrier to Delive the kung fuField
Some experts are wondering if modern manners really degraded. “Headings, as a rule, come from high-profile incidents: a mess to the Wembley leading to the Copa América final,” said Ann Marie Chebib, managing director of the British Course Management Association (UKCMA) “Nevertheless, data tells us that these are exceptions. The vast majority of events are safe and reliable, without failures, but these stories rarely make news. ”
In a survey of members of the Association in 2023, 93% reported a deterioration in behavior, but next year 57% did not report changes or only a small deterioration, a sample reproduced in Global Alliance of the Management Control report. “Many practitioners now consider behavior as widely stable,” Chebib said.
Stephen ReicherThe professor of psychology at the University of St. Andrews and the authority of the behavior of the crowd said that there were constant fears about the crest and the danger of the crowd, but this violence was extremely rare.
According to him, out of 49 million attendance at British football matches last year there were 1,963 arrests, of which half were disorder. “Most likely, you will receive much more arrests if many people of this demography were in the city of Saturday. So you can say that people are less likely to be random and cruel in a football crowd. ”
Nevertheless, crowds make news only when violations arise, Raicher said. “You can have hundreds of games on Saturday afternoon and violence in one. So about what is reported? And if we see only crowds, when the crowd is violent, we will get a very distorted idea of crowds as characterized by violent. ”
The history and uniqueness of the Ryder Cup suggest that other reasons are not extrapolating too many scenes in Bethpage Black. The 1999 competition in Brooklyn, Massachusetts, was overshadowed by abuse, compared with a bear for a bear. Makilra asked the security officers to expel the particularly disgusting Hekeler in Hazeltin in Minnesota in 2016.
According to Reicher, the tournament is structured around the United States and Europe at a time when Donald Trump will reconfigure the significance of Americanism.
“This confirms the new world against the old. We are talking about triumphalism, about dominance, about success with any necessary means. He rejects the order based on the rules. He notes masculinity, exceeding dominance.
“Ryder's Cup shows the traction that he receives, at least among some Americans. We cannot assume that this is related to all sports or even all golf. ”
Mark Brin, Strategic Director Safe events globalThe company that advises security said that Swift Action can form the behavior of the crowd.
“It is a matter of knocking bad norms or creating good ones early,” he said.
“Normal, decent people will be passionate about some behavior, so perhaps you will throw away the first Heclers, make an example of the worst criminals. But you do not want to sterilize sport, to extract passion out of this. ”
According to Brin, the addition of concerts and other events as additions to sports cases complicates the balance. “When you create the atmosphere of the festival, it is more difficult to manage social norms. You just need to work as hard as possible to avoid chaos. ”
John Drury, a professor of social psychology at the University of Sussex, said that the organizers of musical events reported a deterioration in the audience’s behavior after Covid pandemic, to such an extent that she was now normalized.
According to Drury, one of the possible explanations was that the restrictions on the blocking delayed socialization. “You have a group of people who were not socialized by older generations when they come out, so they are not used to it, and perhaps do not know what the norms are. What they do, feels right for them, but for other people it does not seem right. ”
Another possible factor was members of the audience who make tricks to attract attention on social networks. According to Drury, in most cases it was only a tiny minority that caused a violation. “But these dramatic events are then presented as a kind of trend in the audience.”
Sedzhman has a more sinister analysis. The behavior of the audience is a bell of wider social trends, and the obvious growth in the field of loutishe or lack of attention demonstrates wear in a public agreement, agreed on the norms that connect society, she said.
“An increasing number of people think that they do not need to follow these norms, that only circles do it. This is a canary in coal. ”
